Complete cox1 gene and ITS sequence of Hirudinaria manillensis and molecular evolution analysis
Molecular phylogenetics study published in Scientific Reports (2025)
Abstract
Hirudinaria manillensis is an important blood-sucking medicinal leech widely distributed in Southeast Asia and southern China. It has been shown to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Molecular identification technology has developed rapidly, and the results are accurate and stable, which can help us to obtain rich biological information of samples for genetic evolution analysis. This study designed 3 pairs of primers for complete cox 1 gene. After sequencing by PCR products and splicing by SeqMan software, the full-length sequence of cox 1 gene was obtained by annotation of open reading frame (ORFs) on MITOS2 platform. The cox 1 gene with a length of 1536nt was obtained, and the species was identified as Hirudinaria manillensis. The Hd value and FST value of cox 1 gene were 0.858 and 0.10938, which were higher than the Hd value of ITS (0.314) and the FST value close to 0. The nucleotide diversity and GST values of the two genes were very low, and the Tajima's D values of the neutral test were negative, without statistical significance. The genetic distance calculated by the Kimura-2 parameter method was very low. According to the biological information provided by the samples in this study, the population size of Hirudinaria manillensis in southern China was on the rise, but stable genetic diversity was not formed, and there was no obvious population differentiation and geographical isolation. This may be due to the mature artificial breeding technology in recent years, which enabled Hirudinaria manillensis to migrate from the traditional gathering places and breed in a large number in the new environment and migration site. At present, there are many molecular barcoding data of cox 1 gene in the NCBI database, but there is no complete cox 1 gene sequence as a reference, and the related ITS sequence information is more limited, indicating that there is still a lot of space for gene research of Hirudinaria manillensis.
Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.
Resumen
Complete sequencing of cox1 and ITS regions of Hirudinaria manillensis (Asian buffalo leech) enables fine-resolution phylogenetic placement and population analysis.
Por qué esto importa para la hirudoterapia
Este estudio determinó la secuencia completa del gen cox1 (1536 nt) y las secuencias ITS de Hirudinaria manillensis, una sanguijuela medicinal hematófaga del sudeste asiático y del sur de China, y realizó análisis de evolución molecular y genética de poblaciones. El gen cox1 mostró una alta diversidad de haplotipos (Hd = 0,858) pero baja diversidad nucleotídica y diferenciación genética (FST = 0,10938), con valores negativos de la D de Tajima y bajas distancias genéticas con el parámetro de Kimura-2, lo que indica una población en expansión sin diversidad genética estable ni aislamiento geográfico significativo, posiblemente debido a que la tecnología de cría artificial madura permite la expansión del rango de distribución. Este trabajo es relevante para el ámbito de la ASH desde una perspectiva de taxonomía, genética de poblaciones y autenticación de especies para una especie de sanguijuela medicinal reconocida. Sin embargo, el estudio es puramente taxonómico molecular y filogeográfico; no contiene datos sobre compuestos terapéuticos, actividad anticoagulante, composición del secretoma o eficacia clínica.
Citación
Complete cox1 gene and ITS sequence of Hirudinaria manillensis and molecular evolution analysis.
Wang W et al. · Scientific reports, 2025
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Añadido a la biblioteca ASH: May 27, 2026 · Última actualización del sitio: 18 de junio de 2026