Einfluss der Nierenfunktion auf die Argatroban-Therapie bei heparininduzierter Thrombozytopenie

BACKGROUND: Argatroban is considered to be an alternative anticoagulant of choice in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and renal impairment. The recommended initial dose in HIT is 2 microg/kg/min (0.5 microg/kg/min in hepatic impairment), adjusted to achieve activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTTs) 1.5-3 times baseline. Although argatroban is predominantly hepatically metabolized with minimal renal clearance, recent limited data have suggested that a patient's renal function should also be considered when initiating argatroban therapy for HIT. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of renal function on argatroban therapy in HIT patients with normal hepatic function, with the goal of refining dosing guidance, if needed. METHODS: From case records of previous prospective studies of argatroban in clinically diagnosed HIT, we identified patients who had baseline laboratory data on liver and renal function. Individuals with abnormal hepatic function (serum total bilirubin > 1.5 mg/dl or ALT or AST > 100 U/l) were excluded. Patients were stratified according to their estimated creatinine clearance (CL(cr)): normal or mild impairment (CL(cr) > 60 ml/min), moderate impairment (CL(cr) 30-60 ml/min), or severe impairment (CL(cr) < 30 ml/min). Argatroban doses, aPTTs, and clinical outcomes were summarized overall and by group. By-patient relationships between CL(cr) and dose or aPTT during therapy were explored using regression analyses. RESULTS: The analysis population included 260 patients with normal to mild (n = 144), moderate (n = 80), or severe (n = 36) renal impairment. Argatroban was initiated at a mean infusion dose of 1.8 +/- 0.7 microg/kg/min (overall), titrated to achieve aPTTs 1.5-3 times baseline. Among renal function groups, no significant differences occurred in argatroban dose during therapy (overall value, 1.9 +/- 1.1 microg/kg/min), duration of therapy (7 +/- 6 days), or aPTTs (63 +/- 17 s). Regression analyses showed a 0.1 microg/kg/min increase in dose (r2 = 0.02) for each 30 ml/min increase in CL(cr). Within a 37 day follow-up, 46 (17.7%) patients died, most often when severe renal impairment was present. New thrombosis (11.5% overall) and major bleeding (5.0%) did not differ among groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of HIT patients with normal hepatic function and varying levels of renal function, argatroban administered in accordance with current recommendations provided adequate levels of anticoagulation and was well tolerated. Altered renal function did not clinically significantly affect argatroban doses, aPTT responses, or rates of thrombosis or bleeding. These findings further support argatroban as an alternative anticoagulant of choice, without need for initial dose adjustment, in most patients with HIT and renal impairment. CONDENSED ABSTRACT: We retrospectively evaluated the effect of renal function on argatroban therapy in HIT patients with normal hepatic function, with the goal of refining current dosing guidance, if needed. From previous prospective studies of argatroban in HIT, we identified 260 patients with clinically diagnosed HIT, normal hepatic function, and varying degrees of renal function. Among patients whose renal function was normal or mildly impaired (estimated creatinine clearance, CL(cr) > 60 ml/min); moderately impaired (CL(cr) 30-60 ml/min), or severely impaired (CL(cr) < 30 ml/min), no significant differences occurred in the argatroban dose, aPTT response, duration of therapy, or rates of thrombosis or major bleeding. By regression analysis, there was a clinically insignificant 0.1 microg/kg/min increase in dose for each 30 ml/min increase in CL(cr). Overall, argatroban administered in accordance with current recommendations provided adequate levels of anticoagulation and was well tolerated, supporting its use as an alternative anticoagulant of choice, without need for initial dose adjustment, in most patients with HIT and renal impairment.

Abstract aus PubMed (NCBI) für den zitierten Eintrag, in der Originalsprache wiedergegeben. Maßgeblich ist die Fassung der Originalpublikation.

Das Abstract wird nicht übersetzt, damit die eigene Wortwahl der Autoren erhalten bleibt.

260 HIT-Patienten mit normaler Leberfunktion wurden retrospektiv nach CL(cr) (>60, 30–60, <30 ml/min; n = 144, 80, 36) stratifiziert; mittlere Argatroban-Anfangsdosis 1,8 ± 0,7 µg/kg/min. Dosis (1,9 ± 1,1 µg/kg/min), Therapiedauer (7 ± 6 Tage) und aPTT (63 ± 17 s) unterschieden sich zwischen den Gruppen nicht signifikant. Neue Thrombosen (11,5 %) und schwere Blutungen (5,0 %) unterschieden sich nicht; 46 Patienten (17,7 %) starben, am häufigsten bei schwerer Nierenfunktionsstörung. Die Autoren halten Argatroban meist ohne initiale Dosisanpassung für geeignet.

Erfahren Sie, wie diese Forschung mit der klinischen Praxis verknüpft ist

Weitere begutachtete Studien in der Kategorie „Arzneimittelentwicklung“.

• Hirudotherapie in Medizin und Zahnmedizin — Jha K et al. (2015)
• Blutegeltherapie: eine Geschichte — Hyson J (2005)
• Hirudine der asiatischen medizinischen Blutegelart Hirudinaria manillensis: gleich und doch verschieden — Lukas P et al. (2019)
• Transcriptomic analysis of the salivary gland of medicinal leech Hirudo nipponia — Lu Z et al. (2018)
• Molekulardynamische und pharmakologische Untersuchungen an durch Protein-Engineering erzeugten Hirudin-Varianten von Hirudinaria manillensis und Hirudo medicinalis — Sun Y et al. (2022)
• Zellfreie Synthese der Hirudin-Variante 1 des blutsaugenden Egels Hirudo medicinalis — Wüstenhagen D et al. (2020)
• Produktion von Hirudin-Varianten durch gentechnisch veränderte mikrobielle Zellfabriken — Zhang J, Lan N (2018)
• Hirudin bei heparininduzierter Thrombozytopenie — Lubenow N, Greinacher A (2002)
• Hirudin verbessert die diabetische Nephropathie durch Hemmung der Gsdmd-vermittelten Pyroptose — Han J et al. (2023)
• Hirudin als alternatives Antikoagulans – eine historische Übersicht — Markwardt F (2002)

Alle von der ASH analysierten Studien →