Amerikanische Gesellschaft für Hirudotherapie

George Washington's recurrent health problems and fatal infection re-examined

Historical analysis published in Clin Infect Dis (2021)

Zuletzt aktualisiert: June 18, 2026Geprüft von: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Research reportKlinische StudienMackowiak PA et al. · Clinical infectious diseases, 2021

Abstract

George Washington's medical history has been recounted so many times and with such consistency that it seems that nothing new remains to be said about the panoply of disorders that plagued him during his life. The same can be said for the particular one that carried him off at age 67. We know that he had small pox, dysentery, recurrent attacks of malaria, and a host of other infections during his long and spectacularly productive career. His teeth were a source of unrelenting distress despite his assiduous attention to dental hygiene; and terminally, he developed a rapidly progressive upper respiratory infection, which killed him in little more than a day and a half despite the best medical care available.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeJournal Article
Indexed MeSH termsAgedFamous PersonsHumansMaleRespiratory Tract InfectionsSmallpoxWashington

Zusammenfassung

Historical re-examination of George Washington's medical history and fatal upper-respiratory infection, contextualizing bloodletting practices of late-18th-century American medicine.

Warum dies für die Hirudotherapie relevant ist

This article re-examines the medical history of George Washington, recounting his recurrent health problems—including smallpox, dysentery, malaria, dental issues, and other infections—and his terminal rapidly progressive upper respiratory infection that proved fatal within approximately a day and a half despite contemporary medical care. The abstract provides a biographical overview of his illnesses across his lifetime. There is no mention of leeches, hirudotherapy, bloodletting, or any leech-related intervention in the abstract. This article has no discernible relevance to ASH's domain.

Zitation

George Washington's recurrent health problems and fatal infection re-examined.

Mackowiak PA et al. · Clinical infectious diseases, 2021

Verwandter klinischer Kontext

Erfahren Sie, wie diese Forschung mit der klinischen Praxis verknüpft ist

Zur ASH-Bibliothek hinzugefügt: May 27, 2026 · Letzte Aktualisierung der Website: June 18, 2026

Diese Website stellt Bildungsinformationen bereit und ist weder eine medizinische Beratung noch eine Diagnose oder Behandlungsempfehlung. Die medizinische Blutegeltherapie ist mit klinisch relevanten Risiken verbunden und sollte ausschließlich von qualifizierten Klinikerinnen und Klinikern unter institutionell genehmigten Protokollen durchgeführt werden. Die FDA-510(k)-Zulassung für medizinische Blutegel ist auf bestimmte Indikationen beschränkt; experimentelle und Off-Label-Diskussionen werden entsprechend gekennzeichnet. Für patientenspezifische Beratung wenden Sie sich an eine qualifizierte Gesundheitsfachkraft.