Clodronate liposome treatment contributes to the nerve regeneration in corneal nerve involvement of diabetic mice
Research article published in Experimental animals (2025)
Abstract
The dense nerve and thin vascular structure of the corneal tissue provide the refractive function in healthy eyes. Diabetes mellitus causes ocular complications including corneal opacification because of corneal nerve degeneration. Diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy is characterized by reduced corneal sensitivity, delayed corneal wound healing, and nerve degeneration. Neurotization and vascularization inhibit each other in the cornea. Macrophages contribute to the corneal neovascularization. To investigate the role of macrophage in neurotrophic keratopathy, clodronate liposome was subconjunctivally injected into diabetic db/db mice with neurotrophic keratopathy. The clodronate liposome treatment decreased F4/80+ macrophage infiltration into the corneal epithelium, and improved corneal nerve involvement in diabetic db/db mice. Furthermore, we found that Il1b and Il34 mRNA expression was increased in the corneal epithelium of clodronate-treated diabetic db/db mice. These cytokines contribute to the maintenance of nerve tissues via microglia and nerve regeneration; however, their role in corneal nerve involvement remains unknown. Notably, the intraocular injection of recombinant IL-1β and IL-34 promoted nerve regeneration in the cornea of diabetic db/db mice. These results suggest that clodronate liposome treatment contributes to nerve regeneration during corneal involvement via IL-1β and IL-34 signaling.
Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.
Resumen
Peer-reviewed clinical and outcomes research relevant to medicinal leech therapy and its biology. Indexed in PubMed and verified against the NCBI record.
Por qué esto importa para la hirudoterapia
Este estudio en ratones db/db diabéticos con queratopatía neurotrófica halló que la inyección subconjuntival de liposomas de clodronato deplecionó los macrófagos corneales y mejoró la regeneración nerviosa corneal, un efecto vinculado a un aumento en la señalización de IL-1beta e IL-34, y la IL-1beta e IL-34 recombinantes también promovieron la regeneración nerviosa. No existe absolutamente ninguna relevancia para la hirudoterapia: el trabajo se centra en la depleción de macrófagos y la reparación nerviosa corneal en un modelo de diabetes, y no involucra sanguijuelas medicinales, ni secretoma de sanguijuela, ni anticoagulantes derivados de sanguijuela; la etiqueta parece ser una colisión temática/de palabras clave en lugar de un artículo sobre hirudoterapia. En consecuencia, ASH debería ajustar sus expectativas a cero, y la advertencia honesta es simplemente que se trata de un estudio preclínico en ratones fuera del alcance de la terapia con sanguijuelas, sin implicaciones clínicas ni de hirudoterapia que extraer.
Citación
Clodronate liposome treatment contributes to the nerve regeneration in corneal nerve involvement of diabetic mice.
Ueno et al. · Experimental animals, 2025
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Añadido a la biblioteca ASH: May 28, 2026 · Última actualización del sitio: June 18, 2026