Learning, teaching, and training in microsurgery: A systematic review
Systematic review published in Hand Surg Rehabil (2022)
Abstract
Numerous microsurgical training techniques and materials have been developed to reduce animal use and training costs. This systematic review aimed to catalog the available microsurgery learning methods on non-living material in order to define an educational program. The PubMed database was searched for English and French articles related to the initial learning of microsurgery with inert, non-living, or digital material and containing the keywords "microsurgery", "non-living", "simulation" and "virtual reality". Among the 488 articles found, 82 were included. This work reports the main microsurgery learning supports. They were classified according to the material used: inert material, cadaveric animal tissues, human cadaver model, virtual reality, and digital technologies. The educational program proposes here is a two-step program that uses non-living material (basic and deepening) before progressing to living models. This initial learning phase teaches basic microsurgical skills (precision, tremor management, and magnification). Then, frequent home training sessions help to maintain the acquired skills. Ethical, organizational, and economic constraints limit access to animal models. Therefore, inert models seem to be ideal support for initial microsurgical learning. The multiplicity of models described makes it possible to achieve progressive learning depending on which models are available.
Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.
Resumen
Systematic review of 82 articles cataloging non-living microsurgery learning supports across inert material, cadaveric tissue, human cadaver, virtual reality and digital technologies.
Por qué esto importa para la hirudoterapia
Esta revisión sistemática catalogó los métodos de aprendizaje de microcirugía disponibles utilizando materiales inertes, no vivos o digitales, analizando 82 de 488 artículos identificados para proponer un programa educativo progresivo de dos pasos que comienza con modelos no vivos antes de avanzar a los vivos. Los soportes de entrenamiento se clasificaron en categorías que incluyen materiales inertes, tejidos animales cadavéricos, modelos de cadáveres humanos, realidad virtual y tecnologías digitales, identificándose los modelos inertes como ideales para el aprendizaje inicial. Este artículo no tiene relevancia directa para la hirudoterapia, el secretoma de la sanguijuela ni el ámbito de la American Society of Hirudotherapy: no contiene ninguna mención de sanguijuelas, compuestos derivados de sanguijuelas ni técnicas de hirudoterapia.
Citación
Learning, teaching, and training in microsurgery: A systematic review.
Gavira N et al. · Hand surgery & rehabilitation, 2022
Contexto clínico relacionado
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Añadido a la biblioteca ASH: May 27, 2026 · Última actualización del sitio: 18 de junio de 2026