Sociedad Americana de Hirudoterapia

Bivalirudin

Synthetic 20-amino-acid hirudin analog — FDA-approved direct thrombin inhibitor for PCI anticoagulation ($636M peak revenue).

Estudiado off-labelLast updated: 2026-05-26 · Reviewed by ASH Editorial Board
Molecular weight of Bivalirudin compared with other characterized leech-derived compoundsHementerin80 kDaHementin80 kDaHementin-Like Protein (HLP-1)80 kDaLeech Collagenase70 kDaHaemadipsa yanyuanensis Progr…70 kDaLeech Apyrase67 kDaCalin65 kDaHyaluronidase60 kDaAntithrombin III binding prot…58 kDaCollagenolytic Fibrinolysin55 kDaLeech Thrombospondin-Like Pro…50 kDaBivalirudin2.2 kDa
Molecular weight (kilodaltons) of Bivalirudin (highlighted) alongside other characterized leech salivary compounds. Smaller proteins/peptides generally diffuse and act faster.

Mechanistic Evidence Box

Studied off-label
Page type
Compound profile
Evidence type
Synthetic 20-amino-acid hirudin analog — FDA-approved direct thrombin inhibitor for PCI anticoagulation ($636M peak revenue).
Evidence level
FDA-cleared regulatory context
Drug vs leech
Synthetic analog
Safety domains
Bleeding

Clinical translation limit

Bivalirudin is an FDA-approved synthetic 20-amino-acid analog derived from hirudin's active sequence. Its clinical use in PCI and HIT is supported by its own RCT evidence base (HORIZONS-AMI, etc.); this evidence does NOT extend to claims about whole medicinal-leech therapy. The drug is chemically distinct from natural hirudin and from whole-leech secretion.

Molecular Profile

Category
Anticoagulant
Evidence tier
Tier A — FDA-approved derivative
Molecular weight
2,180 Da
Source species
Synthetic (hirudin-derived)
Discovered
1990 · John Maraganore (The Medicines Company / Biogen)
PubChem CID
16129704
PDB structures
8EF41ABI
Derived FDA-approved drug
Angiomax / Angiox (FDA approved Dec 2000)
Bivalirudin molecular structure

Biological Targets

  • thrombin (Factor IIa)

Key Citations

  1. Maraganore JM et al. (1990), Biochemistry · PMID 2223763
  2. Stone GW et al. (HORIZONS-AMI) (2008), N Engl J Med · PMID 18499566

Related Anticoagulant Compounds

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