American Society of Hirudotherapy

Antithrombotic therapy in patients with complex percutaneous coronary intervention

Review published in Interv Cardiol Clin (2024)

Last Updated: June 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Narrative reviewDrug DevelopmentClinical TrialsLarrubia Valle et al. · Interventional cardiology clinics, 2024

Abstract

Managing antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing complex and high-risk in indicated patients, including those treated with complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or presenting with cardiogenic shock (CS), is challenging. This review highlights the critical role of antithrombotic therapy, during and after PCI, to optimize the efficacy while minimizing risks. Unfractionated heparin remains the mainstay anticoagulant for complex PCI and CS, with bivalirudin as a potential safer alternative. Cangrelor offers consistent antiplatelet effects, especially when timely absorption of oral agents is uncertain.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeJournal ArticleReview
Indexed MeSH termsHumansPercutaneous Coronary InterventionShock, CardiogenicFibrinolytic AgentsPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsAnticoagulantsHirudinsAdenosine MonophosphateHeparinPeptide FragmentsRecombinant Proteins

Summary

Review of antithrombotic therapy options for complex PCI patients including bivalirudin (leech-derived).

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

This review examines antithrombotic therapy management during and after complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and in cardiogenic shock, noting that unfractionated heparin remains the mainstay anticoagulant while bivalirudin is discussed as a potentially safer alternative. The abstract does not mention leeches, hirudin, the leech secretome, or any leech-derived intervention. No defensible connection to hirudotherapy or ASH's domain exists based on this abstract alone; the focus is entirely on pharmacological antithrombotic strategies in interventional cardiology, and any link would require external knowledge not present in the source text.

Citation

Antithrombotic therapy in patients with complex percutaneous coronary intervention.

Larrubia Valle et al. · Interventional cardiology clinics, 2024

Added to ASH library: May 27, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026

This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.