American Society of Hirudotherapy

Clinical application of argatroban as an alternative anticoagulant for extracorporeal circulation

Research article published in Hematology/oncology clinics of North America (2000)

Last Updated: June 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Narrative reviewDrug DevelopmentKawada et al. · Hematology/oncology clinics of North America, 2000

Abstract

The authors attempted experimental and clinical use of argatroban as an alternative anticoagulant in left heart bypass with the centrifugal pump, percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to determine if it has complementary effects in preventing thrombus formation without aggravating bleeding tendency. Its reversible binding to thrombin and its short half-life contributed to reduce the risk of excessive blood loss without clot formation within the extracorporeal circulation circuit during thoracic aortic surgery using left heart bypass. PCPS and ECMO were safely performed at doses ranging from 0.5 to 10 micrograms/kg/min to maintain activated clotting time at approximately 200 seconds. Although experimental studies showed argatroban to be advantageous in preserving platelet and fibrinogen, further clinical investigations are necessary.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeJournal ArticleReview
Indexed MeSH termsAnimalsAnticoagulantsArginineChildExtracorporeal CirculationHeart Bypass, LeftHeparinHumansPediatricsPipecolic AcidsSulfonamidesThromboembolism

Summary

Peer-reviewed research on anticoagulant and antithrombotic drug development relevant to thrombin and factor inhibition. Indexed in PubMed and verified against the NCBI record.

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

This report describes both experimental and early clinical use of argatroban, a small-molecule direct thrombin inhibitor, as an alternative anticoagulant for extracorporeal circulation — left heart bypass, percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS), and ECMO — finding that its reversible thrombin binding and short half-life helped prevent circuit clotting without excessive bleeding, with doses of 0.5 to 10 micrograms/kg/min maintaining activated clotting time around 200 seconds. For the hirudotherapy and anticoagulation story it is useful context: argatroban targets thrombin, the same enzyme inhibited by the leech-derived protein hirudin, and exemplifies the clinical demand for thrombin-directed alternatives to heparin. The caveat is that the abstract reports limited, mixed experimental-and-clinical observations and the authors themselves state that further clinical investigation is necessary; it is not a controlled trial, gives no comparative outcomes, and does not address medicinal-leech treatment.

Citation

Clinical application of argatroban as an alternative anticoagulant for extracorporeal circulation.

Kawada et al. · Hematology/oncology clinics of North America, 2000

Added to ASH library: May 28, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026

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