American Society of Hirudotherapy

2025 ESVM Guidelines on interventional treatment of venous thromboembolism.

Research article published in VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten (2025)

Last Updated: June 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Practice guidelineClinical TrialsDrug DevelopmentSchlager O et al. · VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten, 2025

Abstract

The number of endovascular interventional procedures for catheter-based therapy (CBT) of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), has been increasing over the past years. The development of more efficient thrombectomy systems for CBT of VTE has potentially enhanced the efficacy of interventional treatment of VTE. Nevertheless, indications for CBT of VTE, i.e. catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) or catheter-based mechanical thrombus removal, need to be established based on existing data and expert consensus. Vascular experts should be involved in the decision-making process on CBTs in patients with acute VTE, and thrombus removal procedures should be performed in centers with experience in interventional treatment of VTE. This guideline document of the European Society of Vascular Medicine (ESVM) provides recommendations on indications and management of CBT in acute VTE and is endorsed by the European national societies of Vascular Medicine.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeJournal ArticlePractice Guideline
Indexed MeSH termsHumansVenous ThromboembolismThrombolytic TherapyTreatment OutcomeConsensusThrombectomyEndovascular ProceduresRisk FactorsEvidence-Based MedicinePulmonary EmbolismClinical Decision-MakingVenous Thrombosis

Summary

The number of endovascular interventional procedures for catheter-based therapy (CBT) of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), has been increasing over the past years.

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

This European Society of Vascular Medicine consensus guideline addresses catheter-based therapy (catheter-directed thrombolysis and mechanical thrombus removal) for acute venous thromboembolism, noting that procedure volumes and thrombectomy-system efficiency have grown but that indications still rest on limited data plus expert consensus, and recommending that such procedures occur in experienced centers with vascular-expert input. For ASH, it maps the clinical landscape of acute DVT and pulmonary embolism that motivates research into anticoagulant and thrombolytic agents — the same antithrombotic problem space from which the medicinal-leech secretome (hirudin, calin, destabilase and related fibrinolytic/anti-platelet molecules) is studied as a source of drug-discovery leads. Honest caveat: this is a guideline document summarizing existing evidence and expert opinion, not new trial data, and it concerns device-based and pharmacologic interventions only — it makes no claim about leech therapy or leech-derived compounds, and ASH cites it solely as context for the thrombosis field.

Citation

2025 ESVM Guidelines on interventional treatment of venous thromboembolism.

Schlager O et al. · VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten, 2025

Added to ASH library: May 28, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026

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