Microvascular replantation of scalp and facial parts
Case series published in Surgical Technology International (1995)
Abstract
Replantation of fingers, hands, feet, and extremities has become a relatively common procedure. There are a number of reports of successful replants of facial parts. Since the feeding vessels are extremely small, these replants are most challenging. Venous outflow is the most common problem, and leeches and anticoagulants are commonly needed, resulting in considerable blood loss and transfusions. Nonetheless, the successful replantation of a facial part yields an aesthetic and functional result far superior to any other reconstructive option. We review our experience with 7 scalps, 4 ears, and 2 lips.
Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.
Summary
Single-institution experience with 7 scalp, 4 ear and 2 lip microvascular replants. Venous outflow most common problem requiring leech therapy and anticoagulation, with consequent significant blood loss and transfusion needs.
Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy
This article reviews the authors' experience with replantation of 7 scalps, 4 ears, and 2 lips, noting that venous outflow is the most common problem because the feeding vessels are extremely small. The abstract states that 'leeches and anticoagulants are commonly needed, resulting in considerable blood loss and transfusions' together as part of the management of these challenging cases. This is relevant to hirudotherapy because the abstract explicitly identifies leeches as a commonly used adjunct in facial and scalp replantation. However, the note cannot attribute the blood loss and transfusion burden to leeches alone, as the abstract assigns this to both leeches and anticoagulants combined, and no specific leech therapy protocols, outcomes, or comparative data are provided.
Citation
Added to ASH library: May 27, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026