American Society of Hirudotherapy

Salvage of venous congestion using medicinal leeches for traumatic nasal flap

Case report published in J Maxillofac Oral Surg (2013)

Last Updated: June 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Case reportClinical TrialsJose M et al. · Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2013

Abstract

Medicinal leeches are extremely useful and safe in the salvage of venous outflow compromised tissue, particularly in digit replants and various forms of flaps. Although it is unusual for a partial soft tissue avulsion of the face to require medicinal leech therapy, situations may occur in which there is adequate arterial inflow but inadequate venous outflow. In such cases, medicinal leeches may play a very important role in salvaging the soft tissue segment. We report a case of a 34-year-old gentleman who showed signs of venous congestion following primary management for a traumatic nasal flap. Successful salvage of venous congestion was done using medicinal leech therapy, once daily, for 5 days. His recovery deemed satisfactory and uncomplicated. Medicinal leeches are well-known in the treatment of venous congestion or complete venous outflow obstruction in larger pedicled flaps and microvascular transfers. In trauma, it is well established that medicinal leeches are invaluable in treating venous congestion in digit replants and replantation of totally avulsed external ear segments. A limited number of other reports have demonstrated the use of medicinal leeches for salvage of other partially avulsed facial structures. Medicinal leeches have a significant role in the management of traumatic and microvascular flaps, the oral and maxillofacial surgeon should weigh the benefits of such treatment before instituting other expensive or complex treatment modalities.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeCase ReportsJournal Article

Summary

34-year-old male with traumatic partial nasal soft tissue avulsion successfully salvaged with daily leech therapy for 5 days when adequate arterial inflow but inadequate venous outflow developed.

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

This case report describes a 34-year-old male who developed venous congestion after primary management of a traumatic nasal flap. Medicinal leech therapy was applied once daily for 5 days, resulting in successful salvage of the congested tissue with satisfactory, uncomplicated recovery. The authors emphasize the value of leeches in managing venous outflow compromise in facial trauma, noting prior established use in digit replants and avulsed ear segments. This article is directly relevant to hirudotherapy, extending documented leech therapy application to a traumatic nasal flap. The limitation is that it is a single case report with no comparative or long-term follow-up data.

Citation

Salvage of venous congestion using medicinal leeches for traumatic nasal flap.

Jose M et al. · Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2013

Added to ASH library: May 27, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026

This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.