American Society of Hirudotherapy

Medicinal Leeches to Aid in Post-procedural Hematoma Evacuation

Case report published in Cureus (2023)

Last Updated: June 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Case reportClinical TrialsMarquez-Gil KY et al. · Cureus, 2023

Abstract

Patients presenting with a post-invasive procedure hematoma can be treated with medicinal leeches to evacuate the hematoma. Our patient, a postmenopausal woman in her 60s, with a past medical history of hypothyroidism, presented to the outpatient clinic with pain, redness, warmth, and swelling on her right thigh. Ten days prior, the patient had undergone a subcutaneous pellet implant procedure in the right thigh for hormonal replacement therapy. The patient developed post-procedure cellulitis and soft tissue infection and was treated with antibiotics. The patient developed a progressively enlarged hematoma at the implant site. The hematoma was treated with medicinal leeches. Two weeks after treatment, the implant area healed. The patient had a family history of von Willebrand disease and a history of prolonged bleeding during childbirth, menstruation, and dental procedures. A von Willebrand panel was obtained, and the results were consistent with a new diagnosis of von Willebrand disease.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeCase ReportsJournal Article

Summary

Patients presenting with a post-invasive procedure hematoma can be treated with medicinal leeches to evacuate the hematoma.

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

This case report describes a postmenopausal woman who presented with a progressively enlarging, post-procedural hematoma following a subcutaneous pellet implant, which was successfully treated with medicinal leeches. The patient, who was subsequently diagnosed with von Willebrand disease, experienced complete healing of the implant area two weeks after the leech treatment. This abstract is of paramount relevance to the American Society of Hirudotherapy as it documents a direct, successful clinical application of medicinal leeches for evacuating a hematoma in a patient with an underlying bleeding disorder. The primary limitation is that this is a single case report without a control group, indicating a need for broader clinical evidence.

Citation

Medicinal Leeches to Aid in Post-procedural Hematoma Evacuation

Marquez-Gil KY et al. · Cureus, 2023

Added to ASH library: May 27, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026

This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.