American Society of Hirudotherapy

Updates in Traumatic Lower Extremity Free Flap Reconstruction.

Research article published in Plastic and reconstructive surgery (2023)

Last Updated: June 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Evidence: Research reportClinical TrialsLee et al. · Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 2023

Abstract

Lower extremity reconstruction, particularly in the setting of trauma, remains one of the most challenging tasks for the plastic surgeon. Advances in wound management and microsurgical techniques in conjunction with long-term outcomes studies have expanded possibilities for limb salvage, but many aspects of management have continued to rely on principles set forth by Gustilo and Godina in the 1980s. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive update on the various management aspects of traumatic lower extremity microvascular reconstruction based on the latest evidence, with an examination of recent publications.

Abstract sourced from PubMed (NCBI) for the cited record. See the original publication for the authoritative version.

Publication typeJournal Article
Indexed MeSH termsHumansLeg InjuriesTreatment OutcomeRetrospective StudiesPlastic Surgery ProceduresLower ExtremityLimb SalvageFree Tissue Flaps

Summary

Lower extremity reconstruction, particularly in the setting of trauma, remains one of the most challenging tasks for the plastic surgeon. Advances in wound management and microsurgical techniques in conjunction with long-term outcomes studies have expanded possibilities for limb salvage, but many...

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

This article provides a comprehensive update on traumatic lower extremity microvascular reconstruction, reviewing recent evidence on wound management and microsurgical techniques for limb salvage, building on principles established by Gustilo and Godina in the 1980s. The abstract describes the article's scope as examining recent publications on various management aspects of traumatic lower extremity microvascular reconstruction but does not detail specific findings, interventions, or outcomes. The article does not mention leeches, hirudotherapy, or the leech secretome. Its relevance to ASH is absent, as the focus is on surgical reconstruction techniques without addressing any leech-derived interventions or related anticoagulation strategies.

Citation

Updates in Traumatic Lower Extremity Free Flap Reconstruction.

Lee et al. · Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 2023

Added to ASH library: May 28, 2026 · Site last updated: June 18, 2026

This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.