American Society of Hirudotherapy

Aeromonas hydrophila Infections Following Leech Use in Flap Surgery

Early clinical characterization of the primary infectious complication of leech therapy

Last Updated: March 18, 2026Reviewed by: ASH Editorial Board
Research article — evidence reviewArticle reference
Safety & Infection ControlClinical TrialsLineaweaver WC et al. · Annals of Plastic Surgery, 1992

Summary

One of the earliest systematic reports documenting Aeromonas hydrophila infections as a complication of medicinal leech therapy in reconstructive surgery. Described clinical presentations, culture results, and treatment outcomes, establishing Aeromonas as the primary pathogen of concern.

Why This Matters for Hirudotherapy

Historically pivotal paper that first alerted the plastic surgery community to Aeromonas risk. Led directly to the development of prophylaxis guidelines that have since reduced infection rates from 7–20% to near-zero in compliant institutions.

Citation

Aeromonas hydrophila Infections Following Use of Medicinal Leeches in Replantation and Flap Surgery

Lineaweaver WC et al. · Annals of Plastic Surgery, 1992

DOI

Added to ASH library: March 18, 2026 · Site last updated: March 18, 2026

This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.

Aeromonas hydrophila Infections Following Leech Use in Flap Surgery | ASH