American Society of Hirudotherapy

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RCTs

15

Investigating the therapeutic potential of medical leech and leech saliva extract in flap survival: an in vivo study using rats

GRADE very low

Ünal K, Emre Erol M, Dayanır D, Deniz E, Ayhan H, Fındıkçıoğlu K (2025) · Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine

Preclinical (animal)

Efficiency of medical leech on experimentally induced incisional wound healing in rats

GRADE very low

Bilden A, Kara O, Kahraman M, Caglayan N, Cicek M (2025) · Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine

Preclinical (animal)

Effects of hirudotherapy on liver functions, lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity in rats with metabolic syndrome

GRADE low

Bilden A, Kocak S, Yildiz HT, Cakir F, Kahraman M, Cicek M (2026) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Preclinical (animal)

Investigation of the therapeutic effects of medicinal leech treatment on lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury

GRADE low

Unal K, Samur B, Sharif A, Ibrahimkhanli L, Yumusak N (2026) · Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine

Preclinical (animal)

Evaluation of Methylene Blue as An Effective Antiseptic for Medicinal Leeches

GRADE very low

Doğan S, Farzali S, Karimova B, Sağlam N (2024) · Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi

Preclinical (animal)

Comparative genomics suggests extensive antithrombotic gene expansion in Haemadipsa yanyuanensis

GRADE very low

Lin Y, Zhao F, Fan S, Yang D, Tong X, Tang L, Kong D, Lin G, Liu Z (2025) · BMC Genomics

Preclinical (animal)

Comparative Study of Hirustasin Superfamily Gene Expression in Two Medicinal Leeches, Hirudinaria manillensis and Whitmania pigra

GRADE very low

Sun R, Ai R, Yin J, Cheng J, Huang Z, Tang L, Liu Z, Zeng Q, Zhao F, Lin G (2025) · Genes

Preclinical (animal)

Genetic Variation and Gene Expression of the Antimicrobial Peptide Macins in Asian Buffalo Leech (Hirudinaria manillensis)

GRADE very low

Yu Y, Tang L, Xiao M, Yin J, Ye T, Sun R, Ai R, Zhao F, Huang Z, Lin G (2025) · Biology

Preclinical (animal)

Identification and Characterization of RK22, a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide from Hirudinaria manillensis against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

GRADE very low

Lu X, Yang M, Zhou S, Yang S, Chen X, Khalid M, Wang K, Fang Y, Wang C, Lai R, Duan Z (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Preclinical (animal)

Transcriptomic profiling and the first spatial expression analysis of candidate genes in the salivary gland of the East Asian medicinal leech, Hirudo nipponia

GRADE very low

Kim JH, Lee CJ, Yu YS, Aryal YP, Kim S, Suh JY, Kim JY, Min SH, Cha IT, Lee HY, Shin SY, Cho SJ (2023) · Developmental and Comparative Immunology

Preclinical (animal)

Cloning, characterization, and heterologous expression of a candidate Hirudin gene from the salivary gland transcriptome of Hirudo nipponia

GRADE very low

Shi P, Wei J, You H, Chen S, Tan F, Lu Z (2023) · Scientific Reports

Preclinical (animal)

Life without blood: Molecular and functional analysis of hirudins and hirudin-like factors of the Asian non-hematophagous leech Whitmania pigra

GRADE very low

Müller C, Wang Z, Hamann M, Sponholz D, Hildebrandt JP (2022) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Preclinical (animal)

Transcriptomic analysis of the salivary gland of medicinal leech Hirudo nipponia

GRADE very low

Lu Z, Shi P, You H, Liu Y, Chen S (2018) · PLoS ONE

Preclinical (animal)

Hirudins and fenestrins of the African medicinal leech Asiaticobdella fenestrata

GRADE very low

Schulz L, Tolksdorf C, Rauch BH, Kvist S, Müller C (2025) · Parasitology Research

Preclinical (animal)

Draft genome sequences of Hirudo medicinalis and salivary transcriptome of three closely related medicinal leeches

GRADE very low

Babenko VV, Podgorny OV, Manuvera VA, Kasianov AS, Manolov AI, Grafskaia EN, Shirokov DA, Kurdyumov AS, Vinogradov DV, Nikitina AS, Kovalchuk SI, Anikanov NA, Butenko IO, Pobeguts OV, Matyushkina DS, Rakitina DV, Kostryukova ES, Zgoda VG, Baskova IP, Trukhan VM, Gelfand MS, Govorun VM, Schiöth HB, Lazarev VN (2020) · BMC Genomics

Preclinical (animal)

This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.

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