American Society of Hirudotherapy

Neuromacin

Macin-family antimicrobial protein with reported neuronal-tissue specificity — leech innate immunity component.

Preclinical / mechanisticLast updated: 2026-05-26 · Reviewed by ASH Editorial Board
Molecular weight of Neuromacin compared with other characterized leech-derived compoundsHementerin80 kDaHementin80 kDaHementin-Like Protein (HLP-1)80 kDaLeech Collagenase70 kDaHaemadipsa yanyuanensis Progr…70 kDaLeech Apyrase67 kDaCalin65 kDaHyaluronidase60 kDaAntithrombin III binding prot…58 kDaCollagenolytic Fibrinolysin55 kDaLeech Thrombospondin-Like Pro…50 kDaNeuromacin6.5 kDa
Molecular weight (kilodaltons) of Neuromacin (highlighted) alongside other characterized leech salivary compounds. Smaller proteins/peptides generally diffuse and act faster.

Mechanistic Evidence Box

Preclinical / mechanistic
Page type
Compound profile
Evidence type
Macin-family antimicrobial protein with reported neuronal-tissue specificity — leech innate immunity component.
Evidence level
In vitro
Drug vs leech
Purified natural compound
Safety domains
Aeromonas infection

Clinical translation limit

Neuromacin's in vitro antimicrobial activity does NOT establish clinical efficacy. No FDA-approved derivative exists. The macin family remains a preclinical innate-immunity research target.

Molecular Profile

Category
Antimicrobial
Evidence tier
Preclinical
Molecular weight
6,500 Da
Source species
Hirudo medicinalis
Discovered
2008
Neuromacin molecular structure

Biological Targets

  • → bacterial membranes (Gram-positive emphasis)

Key Citations

  1. Jung S et al. (2012), J Biol Chem · PMID 22396551

External Resources

    Related Antimicrobial Compounds

    Theromacin

    Antimicrobial peptide active against Gram-negative bacteria — innate immunity of leech.

    Theromyzin

    Antimicrobial peptide; structural analogue of mammalian defensin family.

    Macrostomin

    Antimicrobial peptide active against Gram-positive bacteria — amphipathic alpha-helix.

    Hirunipins

    Newly-characterized antimicrobial peptide family (Kumar 2025) — candidate next-generation antibiotics against AMR pathogens.

    ← Back to Compound Reference

    This website provides educational information and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. Medicinal leech therapy carries clinically meaningful risks and should be performed only by qualified clinicians under institutionally approved protocols. FDA 510(k) clearance for medicinal leeches is limited to specific indications; investigational and off-label discussions are labeled accordingly. For patient-specific guidance, consult a qualified healthcare provider.